N'ime etiti akụkọ ihe mere eme nke isi obodo enwere ụlọ ọrụ amaara ama na Russia - Moscow Kremlin. Akụkụ bụ isi nke usoro ihe owuwu ụlọ bụ ihe siri ike ya, nke nwere mgbidi n'ụdị triangle na ụlọ elu iri abụọ.
E wuru ihe mgbagwoju anya n’etiti 1485 na 1499 ma echekwara ya nke oma rue taa. Ọtụtụ oge ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe nlereanya maka ebe ewusiri ike ndị yiri ya nke pụtara n'obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Russia - Kazan, Tula, Rostov, Nizhny Novgorod, wdg. N'ime mgbidi nke Kremlin enwere ọtụtụ ụlọ okpukpe na nke ụwa - katidral, obí eze na ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nke oge dị iche iche. Ejiri Kremlin na UNESCO World Heritage Ndepụta na 1990. Tinyere ya na Red Square, nke dị na ndepụta a, a na-ahụkarị Kremlin ka ọ bụrụ ihe kacha amasị Moscow.
Katidral nke Moscow Kremlin
A na-etolite ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ụlọ arụsị atọ, nke dị n'etiti Assumption Katidral... Katidral malitere akụkọ banyere 1475. Ọ bụ ụlọ ochie kacha ochie echekwara nke ọma n'etiti ụlọ Kremlin niile.
Na mbu, owuwu a mere na 1326-1327 n’okpuru nduzi nke Ivan I. Mgbe emechara ya, katidral ahụ rụrụ ụka ụka nke Obodo ukwu nke Moscow, onye biri n’usoro nke Onyeisi Patriarchal ugbu a.
Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1472, e bibiri katidral ahụ mebiri emebi ugbu a, e mesịakwa wuo ụlọ ọhụrụ n'ọnọdụ ya. Otú ọ dị, ọ dara na May 1474, ikekwe n'ihi ala ọma jijiji ma ọ bụ n'ihi mmejọ na iwu. Ọ bụ Grand Duke Ivan III mere nnwale ọhụụ na mweghachi. Ọ bụ na katidral a ka a na-ekpe ekpere tupu mkpọsa ndị dị mkpa, ndị eze chiri eze ma bulie ugwu nke ndị nna ochie.
Katidral nke Onyeisi Ndị Mmụọ Ozi raara nye Onyeisi Ndị Mmụọ Ozi Michael, onye nchebe nke ndị ọchịchị Russia, na 1505 na saịtị nke ụka nke otu aha ahụ na 1333. Ọ bụ onye omenkà Italy bụ Aloisio Lamberti da Montignana wuru ya. Thekpụrụ ụlọ na-ejikọ usoro ọdịnala okpukpe Russia ochie na ihe ndị mepere emepe issantali.
Katidral nke Blagoveshchensky nke dị n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke square. Na 1291, e wuru ụka ụka ebe a, mana otu narị afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gbara ọkụ ma jiri ụka nkume dochie ya. Nkume katidral ọcha nwere osisi domes itoolu na ihu ya ma chọọ ya maka mmemme ezinụlọ.
Oge ọrụ nke katidral: 10:00 rue 17:00 (emechi na Tọzdee). Otu tiketi maka nleta ga-efu 500 rubles maka ndị okenye na 250 rubles maka ụmụaka.
Obí eze na ámá nke Moscow Kremlin
- Nnukwu Obí Kremlin - Ndị a bụ ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nnọchi anya obodo, nke e kere na narị afọ dị iche iche wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka ebe obibi maka ndị isi na ndị isi Russia, na n'oge anyị maka ndị isi ala.
- Terem Obí - ụlọ okpukpu ise, nke ejiri okpokoro mara mma chọọ ya mma na ụlọ taịlị mara mma.
- Obí Onyeisi - ulo nke 17th Century, echekwala ihe omuma ndi ozo nke ulo oru obodo nke oge ahu. Thelọ ihe ngosi nka na-egosipụta ọla, ọmarịcha nri, eserese, ihe ndị eze na-achụ nta. Ihe ebube iconostasis nke Ascension Monastery, nke ebibiri na 1929, adịgidela.
- Palacelọ Senate - ụlọ ụlọ okpukpu atọ emere na mmalite neoclassical ịke. Na mbu, obí eze a kwesiri ibu ebe obibi nke Senate, mana ugbua, odi ka onye isi oche nke Onye isi ala Russia.
N'etiti ebe ndị a ma ama na Moscow Kremlin, a ga-ahụ ama akụkụ ndị a:
Klọ elu Moscow Kremlin
Mgbidi ahụ dị mita 2235 n’ogologo, ogologo ha kachasị elu bụ mita 19, ọkpụrụkpụ ahụ ruru mita 6.5.
Enwere ụlọ elu 20 yiri nchekwa na ụdị ụkpụrụ ụlọ. Cornerlọ elu atọ nwere nkuku nwere cylindrical base, 17 nke ọzọ dị akụkụ anọ.
Atọ n'Ime Otu bụ nke kachasị elu, na-ebuli elu 80 mita.
Kasị ala - Towerlọ elu Kutafya (13.5 mita) dị na mpụga mgbidi ahụ.
Lọ elu anọ nwere ọnụ ụzọ ámá:
A na-eji kpakpando ruby na-acha uhie uhie nke oge Soviet chọọ mma nke elu ụlọ elu 4 ndị a, bụ ndị a na-ewere dị ka ndị mara mma.
Elekere na Spasskaya Tower pụtara izizi na narị afọ nke 15, mana ọ gbara ọkụ na 1656. Na Disemba 9, 1706, isi obodo nuru ugba nke mbu, nke kwuputara awa ohuru. Kemgbe ahụ, ọtụtụ ihe emeela: a lụrụ agha, degagharịa obodo, gbanwere isi obodo, mana oge a ma ama nke Moscow Kremlin ka bụ isi oge Russia.
Ivan Ukwu bellhouse
Lọ mgbịrịgba (mita 81 dị elu) bụ ụlọ kachasị elu na mkpokọta Kremlin. Ewubere ya n'etiti 1505 na 1508 ma ka na-aru oru ya maka katidral ato nke na-enweghi ulo nkpu nke ha - Arkhangelsk, Assumption and Annunciation.
N’akụkụ ka e nwere otu obere ụka nke St Jọn, ebe aha mgbịrịgba mgbịrịgba ahụ na square ahụ sitere. Ọ dịịrị ruo mmalite nke narị afọ nke 16, wee daa ma kemgbe ahụ emebiwo nke ukwuu.
Ime Chamberlọ
Faclọ a na-eche ihu bụ nnukwu ụlọ oriri nke ndị isi Moscow; ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ kacha ochie kacha ochie na obodo. Ugbu a ọ bụ ụlọ nzukọ emume maka Onye isi ala Russia, yabụ emechiri ya maka njem mmụta.
Ngwá Agha na Ego Diamond
E wuru ụlọ ahụ site na iwu nke Peter I iji debe ngwa agha a na-enweta n'agha. Mwube ahụ gara n'ihu, malite na 1702 wee kwụsị naanị na 1736 n'ihi nsogbu ego. Na 1812, a gbawara ụlọ ahụ na agha megide Napoleon, e wughachiri ya naanị na 1828. Ugbu a, Ngwá Agha bụ ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, nke enwere ike ịga na ụbọchị ọ bụla n'izu site na 10: 00 ruo 18: 00, belụsọ Tọzdee. Ọnụ ego tiketi maka ndị okenye bụ 700 rubles, maka ụmụaka ọ bụ n'efu.
Nke a abughi nani ihe ngosi nke ahia aka, kamakwa Diamond Fund. The adịgide adịgide ngosi nke State Diamond Fund mbụ meghere ke Moscow Kremlin na 1967. Ihe ịchọ mma dị iche iche na nkume dị oke ọnụ ahịa bara uru ebe a, a napụrụ ọtụtụ n'ime ha mgbe mgbanwe Ọchịchị October gasịrị. Oge mmepe - site na 10: 00 rue 17: 20 na ụbọchị ọ bụla ewezuga Tọzdee. Ga-akwụ ụgwọ 500 rubles maka tiketi maka ndị okenye, 100 rubles maka tiketi maka ụmụaka.
Daimọn abụọ dị na ngosi ahụ kwesịrị nlebara anya pụrụ iche, ebe ọ bụ na ha so na ihe atụ kachasị ama nke ụwa a:
- Diamond "Orlov" na mkpanaka nke Catherine II.
- Diamond "Shah", nke Tsar Nicholas I natara na 1829 site na Persia.
Anyị na-adụ ọdụ ka ị lelee Kolomna Kremlin.
Ihe 10 na-adọrọ mmasị banyere Moscow Kremlin
- Ọ bụghị naanị na nnukwu ebe ochie e wusiri ike na Russia, kamakwa nnukwu ọrụ siri ike na Europe niile. N'ezie, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe owuwu ndị dị otú ahụ, mana Moscow Kremlin bụ naanị onye ka na-arụ ọrụ.
- Mgbidi Kremlin dị ọcha. Mgbidi ahụ nwetara brik uhie ha na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19. Iji lee White Kremlin, chọọ ọrụ site n'aka ndị ọrụ narị afọ nke 18 ma ọ bụ 19 dịka Pyotr Vereshchagin ma ọ bụ Alexei Savrasov.
- Red Square enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na uhie. Aha a sitere n'okwu ochie nke Russia maka "uhie", nke putara ihe mara mma, o nweghikwa ihe jikọrọ ya na agba nke ulo ndi anyi mara ugbua di ocha rue mbubreyo 19th.
- Kpakpando nke Moscow Kremlin bụ ugo. N'oge nke Tsarist Russia, ejiri ugo nwere isi abụọ kpuchie ụlọ elu anọ nke Kremlin ahụ, nke bụ uwe agha Russia kemgbe narị afọ nke 15. Na 1935, gọọmentị Soviet dochiri ugo ahụ, bụ ndị gbazee ma jiri kpakpando nwere akara ise anyị na-ahụ taa dochie ha. Agbakwunyere kpakpando nke ise na Vodovzvodnaya Tower.
- Erslọ elu Kremlin nwere aha. N'ime ụlọ elu 20 Kremlin, naanị abụọ enweghị aha nke ha.
- Ejiri Kremlin wulie elu. N'azụ mgbidi Kremlin nke dị mita 2235, e nwere oghere 5 na ụlọ 18, n'etiti ndị kachasị ewu ewu bụ Spasskaya Tower, Ivan the Great Bell Tower, Katidral Assumption, Atọ n'Ime Otu na Terem Obí.
- Moscow Kremlin anaghị emebi emebi na Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ. N'oge agha ahụ, ejiri nlezianya zoo Kremlin ka ọ dị ka ụlọ obibi. A na-ese domes nke ụka ahụ na ụlọ elu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ndị a ma ama na-acha ntụ ntụ na agba aja aja, n'otu n'otu, ọnụ ụzọ na windo adịgboroja jikọtara na mgbidi nke Kremlin, a na-ejikwa osisi rụọ ibu Square na Square.
- Kremlin dị na Guinness Book of Records. Na Moscow Kremlin, ị ga-ahụ mgbịrịgba kacha elu n'ụwa na egbe ala kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa. Na 1735, mgbịrịgba mita 6.14 sitere na nkedo ígwè, Tsar Cannon na-atụle 39.312 tọn furu efu na 1586 ma ọ dịghị mgbe ejiri ya na agha ahụ.
- Kpakpando nke Kremlin na-enwu mgbe niile. N'ime afọ 80 nke ịdị adị, ọkụ nke kpakpando Kremlin gbanyụrụ naanị ugboro abụọ. Oge mbụ bụ n’oge a na-alụ Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ mgbe Kremlin nwoghara iji zoo ya n’aka ndị tụrụ bọmbụ. Oge nke abụọ ha nwere nkwarụ maka ihe nkiri ahụ. Onye isi mmeri Oscar bụ Nikita Mikhalkov sere ihe nkiri maka ndị Siberia Barber.
- Oge Kremlin nwere ihe omimi miri emi. Ihe nzuzo nke izi ezi nke Kremlin elekere dị n'okpuru ụkwụ anyị. A na-ejikọ elekere na elekere njikwa na Sternberg Astronomical Institute site na eriri.
