Andrey Arsenievich Tarkovsky (1932-1986) - Soviet nkiri na onye nduzi ihe nkiri, onye na-ede ihe nkiri. A na-etinye fim ya "Andrei Rublev", "The Mirror" na "Stalker" site n'oge ruo n'oge na fim nke ọrụ kacha mma na akụkọ ihe mere eme.
E nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ banyere akụkọ ndụ Tarkovsky, nke anyị ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.
Yabụ, n'ihu gị bụ obere akụkọ ndụ Andrei Tarkovsky.
Biography nke Tarkovsky
A mụrụ Andrei Tarkovsky na Eprel 4, 1932 na obere obodo Zavrazhie (mpaghara Kostroma). O tolitere ma tolite na ezinụlọ gụrụ akwụkwọ.
Nna onye nduzi, Arseny Alexandrovich, bụ onye na-ede uri na onye ntụgharị okwu. Mama m, Maria Ivanovna, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Institute of Institute. Na mgbakwunye na Andrei, nne na nna ya nwere nwa nwanyị, Marina.
Nwatakịrị na ntorobịa
Afọ ole na ole mgbe amuchara Andrei, ezinụlọ Tarkovsky biri na Moscow. Mgbe nwatakịrị nwoke ahụ gbara afọ 3, nna ya hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya lụọ nwanyị ọzọ.
N'ihi ya, nne na-elekọta ụmụ naanị ya. Ezinụlọ anaghị enwekarị mkpa. Na mbido Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ (1941-1945), Tarkovsky, ya na nne ya na nwanne ya nwanyị, kwagara Yuryevets, ebe ndị ikwu ha biri.
Ndụ na Yuryevets hapụrụ akara dị ịrịba ama na akụkọ ndụ Andrei Tarkovsky. Mgbe e mesịrị, a ga-egosipụta ihe ndị a na fim "Enyo".
Mgbe afọ ole na ole gachara, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri n'isi obodo ahụ, ebe ọ gara n'ihu ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ. Eziokwu na-adọrọ mmasị bụ na nwa klas ya bụ onye a ma ama na-ede uri Andrei Voznesensky. N'otu oge ahụ, Tarkovsky gara ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu, klaasị piano.
N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, nwa okorobịa ahụ nọ na-ese ihe na ụlọ akwụkwọ nka mpaghara. Ebe ọ natara asambodo ahụ, Andrey meriri ule ahụ na Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies na ngalaba Arabic.
Ugbua n'afọ mbụ nke ọmụmụ ihe, Tarkovsky ghọtara na ọ na-eme ọsọ ọsọ na ịhọrọ ọrụ. N’oge ahụ o dere akụkọ ndụ ya, ya na otu ajọ ụlọ ọrụ zutere, nke mere o ji bido ibi ndụ rụrụ arụ. O mechara kweta na nne ya zọpụtara ya, onye nyeere ya aka inweta ọrụ na ngalaba na-ahụ maka ala.
Dị ka onye so na njem ahụ, Andrei Tarkovsky nọrọ ihe dị ka otu afọ na miri miri emi, nke dị anya site na mmepeanya. Mgbe ọ laghachisịrị n'ụlọ, ọ banyere ngalaba na-ahụ maka nduzi na VGIK.
Ihe nkiri
Mgbe na 1954 Tarkovsky ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na VGIK, otu afọ agafeela mgbe Stalin nwụsịrị. N'ihi nke a, ọchịchị aka ike nke obodo a ebelatala. Nke a nyeere nwa akwụkwọ ahụ aka ịgbanwe ahụmịhe ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya si mba ọzọ ga-amatakwu banyere sinima Western.
Fim malitere ifịk ifịk agbapụ na USSR. Ihe okike biography nke Andrei Tarkovsky malitere mgbe ọ dị afọ 24. A na-akpọ teepu mbụ ya "Ndị ogbugbu", dabere na ọrụ Ernest Hemingway.
Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, onye ntorobịa na-eto eto mere obere ihe nkiri abụọ ọzọ. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, ndị nkuzi kwuru na amamihe Andrey buru amụma maka ọdịnihu dị ukwuu.
N'oge na-adịghị nwoke ahụ zutere Andrei Konchalovsky, onye ya na ya gụrụ akwụkwọ n'otu mahadum ahụ. Mụ okorobịa ahụ ghọrọ ndị enyi ngwa ngwa wee malite mmekọrịta ọnụ. Ha dekọtara ọtụtụ ederede ma na-eme n'ọdịnihu na-akọrọ ibe ha ahụmịhe ha.
Na 1960, Tarkovsky ji nsọpụrụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ malitere ọrụ. Ka ọ na-erule n'oge ahụ, ọ nweelarị ọhụụ nke sinima. Ihe nkiri ya gosipụtara nhụjuanya na olile anya nke ndị mmadụ buuru ibu ọrụ nke omume nke mmadụ niile.
Andrey Arsenievich lebara ọkụ na ụda anya nke ukwuu, ọrụ ya bụ inyere onye na-ekiri ya aka inweta ihe ọ hụrụ na ihuenyo ahụ.
Na 1962, mmalite nke ihe nkiri agha ya zuru oke Ivan's Childhood mere. N'agbanyeghị oke ụkọ oge na ego, Tarkovsky jisiri ike ịnagide ọrụ ahụ ma nweta nnabata site na ndị nkatọ na ndị na-ekiri ya. Ihe nkiri a natara ihe nrịgo iri na abụọ nke mba ụwa, gụnyere Golden Lion.
Mgbe afọ 4 gachara, nwoke ahụ gosipụtara ihe nkiri ama ama ama ya bụ "Andrei Rublev", bụ nke mechara nweta mgbasa ozi zuru ụwa ọnụ ozugbo. Na nke mbụ ya na sinima Soviet, e gosipụtara echiche dị egwu nke akụkụ ime mmụọ, nke okpukpe nke mgbe ochie Russia. Ọ dị mma ịkọba na Andrei Konchalovsky bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ edemede ahụ.
Na 1972, Tarkovsky gosipụtara ihe nkiri ọhụrụ ya, Solaris, n'akụkụ abụọ. Ọrụ a tọkwara ndị na-ege ntị nke ọtụtụ mba ụtọ ma si na ya pụta nye Grand Prix nke Ememme Nkiri Cannes. Kedu ihe ọzọ, dị ka ụfọdụ ntuli aka si kwuo, Solaris bụ otu n'ime ihe nkiri sayensị kachasị ukwuu na oge niile.
Afọ ole na ole ka nke ahụ gasịrị, Andrei Tarkovsky gbara ihe nkiri ahụ bụ "Mirror", nke gosipụtara ọtụtụ ngosipụta site na akụkọ ndụ ya. Ọrụ bụ isi gara Margarita Tereshkova.
Na 1979, mmalite nke "Stalker", dabere na ọrụ nke ụmụnna Strugatsky "Roadside Picnic", mere. Okwesiri ighota na uzo mbu nke ilu a-ihe nkiri nwuru n'ihi ihe oru. N'ihi nke a, onye isi nduzi ahụ ga-agbapụkwa ihe ahụ ugboro atọ.
Ndị nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri nke Soviet Union kenyere vidio a nanị ụdị nke atọ nke nkesa, na-ekwe ka e mepụta naanị 196. Nke a pụtara na mkpuchi ndị na-ege ntị pere mpe.
Agbanyeghị, agbanyeghị nke a, ihe dịka nde mmadụ 4 lere "Stalker". Ihe nkiri ahụ meriri Ecumenical Jury Prize na Cannes Film Festival. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na ọrụ a ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama na okike biography.
Mgbe nke a gasịrị Andrei Tarkovsky gbara ihe osise 3 ọzọ: "Oge njem", "Nostalgia" na "Àjà". A na-ese ihe nkiri niile ndị a na mba ọzọ, mgbe nwoke ahụ na ezinụlọ ya nọ na Italytali na 1980 kemgbe 1980.
A manyere ịkwaga mba ọzọ, ebe ọ bụ na ndị isi na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na ụlọ ahịa ahụ gbochiri ọrụ Tarkovsky.
N'oge ọkọchị nke 1984, Andrei Arsenievich, na nzukọ ihu ọha na Milan, kwupụtara na ya ekpebiela ịga biri na West. Mgbe onye ndu nke USSR chọpụtara banyere nke a, ọ machibidoro mgbasa ozi nke ihe nkiri Tarkovsky na mba ahụ, tinyekwara ịkọ ya na mbipụta.
Eziokwu na-adọrọ mmasị bụ na ndị ọchịchị nke Florence nyere nna ukwu Russia ụlọ ma nye ya aha nke nwa amaala nsọpụrụ nke obodo ahụ.
Ndụ onwe
Ya na nwunye mbụ ya, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Irma Raush, Tarkovsky zutere n'oge ọ bụ nwata akwụkwọ. Alụmdi na nwunye a sitere na 1957 ruo 1970. N'ime njikọ a, di na nwunye ahụ nwere nwa nwoke, Arseny.
Nwunye Andrey na-esote bụ Larisa Kizilova, onye bụ onye na-enyere ya aka n'oge nkiri nke Andrey Rublev. Site na alụm di na nwunye gara aga, Larisa nwere nwa nwanyị, Olga, onye onye isi oche ahụ kwenyere. Mgbe e mesịrị, ha nwere otu nwa nwoke, Andrei.
N'oge ntorobịa ya, Tarkovsky gbara Valentina Malyavina akwụkwọ, onye jụrụ ịnọnyere ya. Ọ dị ịtụnanya na Andrei na Valentina lụrụ n'oge ahụ.
Nwoke ahụ nwekwara mmekọrịta chiri anya na onye na-ese uwe Inger Person, onye ọ zutere obere oge tupu ọ nwụọ. Ihe si na mmekọrịta a pụta ụwa bụ nwa amụrụ iwu, Alexander, onye Tarkovsky ahụghị.
Ọnwụ
Otu afọ tupu ọ nwụọ, a chọpụtara na Andrei na-arịa ọrịa kansa akpa ume. Ndị dọkịta enweghịzi ike inyere ya aka, ebe ọ bụ na ọrịa a nọ na njedebe ikpeazụ ya. Mgbe Soviet Union nụrụ banyere ọnọdụ ahụ ike ya dị njọ, ndị isi kwere ka e gosi fim nke onye obodo ya.
Andrey Arsenievich Tarkovsky nwụrụ na Disemba 29, 1986 mgbe ọ dị afọ 54. E liri ya na ebe a na-eli ozu French nke Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois, ebe ndị Russia kachasị ama ama.
Foto Tarkovsky
